attention

Two Simple Things, a Better Brain, and You Already Knew This, But…


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4 THOUGHTS


1. A Better Brain: Mindful Breathing Improves Cognition and Neural Efficiency

“It is intriguing that a mental exercise that ‘merely’ entails the voluntary focus on a simple object, such as the sensation of one’s own breath, combined with a non-reactive and accepting awareness of concurrently arising mental phenomena, can have far-reaching effects on cognitive functions.”

- Nature Scientific Reports (2018)

This study found that the brief (but consistent) practice of mindful breathing improves our attention, our ability to resist distractions, and the efficiency of neural networks responsible for these processes.

Those benefits are a superpower in today’s world 👏

***

P.S. Here are two videos you can use to try mindful breathing:

Breathing Meditation | UCLA Mindful Awareness Research Center

Five Minute Mindful Breathing

2. How Much Should Your Mind Wander during Mindful Breathing?

Speaking of mindful breathing, I just read this Q&A in Light Watkins’ new book, Travel Light, and thought it was an amazing reframe of mind-wandering. I hope you find it helpful too:

“What percentage of time should my mind wander in meditation?

One hundred percent of the time. Trying to stop your mind from wandering in meditation is as futile as trying to stop your heart from beating by thinking, “Don't beat!" over and over. It's going to keep wandering, and therefore it's best to just shift your attitude about it from antagonistic to friendly. In other words, never chastise your mind for thinking. Instead, if you practice celebrating your wandering mind, it will become more settled more often.

3. You Already Knew This, But…

Peter Attia, MD, discussing techniques he uses for his emotional health in Outlive:

“Another technique I have grown very fond of is slow, deep breathing: four seconds to inhale, six seconds to exhale. Repeat. As the breath goes, the nervous system follows.

You already knew this by now, but I’m sharing it to highlight how breathing spans genres. Whether it’s MD science or deep spirituality, it all comes back to the same basics: 4 sec in, 6 sec out, repeat.

The breath leads, the nervous system follows.

4. Two Simple Things We Should Do Every Day for Our Heart & Mind

  1. Observe One Breath: This brings us back to the present, is relaxing, and cultivates “meta-awareness.”

  2. Change One Breath: Lengthen your inhale and exhale to feel the instantly calming power of slow breathing.

Extra: Nick the Skateboarder (plus meditation in a bottle part 2)

When I was a kid, all I did was skateboard. It consumed every inch of my life. I dreamed of being sponsored by the companies I loved.

Well, that never happened, lol. But today, I have a chance to do something kind of similar with breathing.

Two weeks ago, I mentioned that I love iCalm’s product and mission. I was given the opportunity to be an affiliate. Although it’s not the same as being sponsored, it’s the closest thing I can do in my current life to provide value to you (and to make younger Nick proud, lol).

So, if you want to try it out, use the code NICK20 to get 20% off.

Get the iCalm Relaxation Shot


1 Quote

The breathing will seamlessly bring you back to the natural mental and emotional flexibility you had as a child, but with the direction and purpose you have as an adult.”
— Richard Brown, MD, and Patricia Gerbarg, MD

1 Answer

Category: Attention

Answer: This theory suggests that time in nature may be able to improve our ability to focus and concentrate.

(Cue the Jeopardy! music.)

Question: What is Attention Restoration Theory?


In good breath,

Nick Heath, T1D, PhD
“Breathing is the compound interest of health & wellness.”


P.S. Where is my support group


* An asterisk by a quote indicates that I listened to this book on Audible. Therefore, the quotation might not be correct, but is my best attempt at reproducing the punctuation based on the narrator’s pace, tone, and pauses.


 

How to Use Less, Accomplish More, and Feel More Cognitive Power

 

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4 Thoughts



1. How to Align Your Mental Posture to be More Cognitively Powerful

There is always a mental posture, an alignment for your mind, as well as for your physical body.

- Gurucharan Khalsa, PhD, and Yogi Bhajan, PhD, Breathwalk

Mental posture” <— I love that.

We know that when we consciously sit or stand up straight, we feel more confident and alert. But we can also align our mental posture (say, by meditating) to help us feel more cognitively powerful, too.

So let’s pick a focal point and spend a few minutes coming back to it over & over to align and strengthen our mental posture a little more, this week. 🙏

***

P.S. I took “mental posture” somewhat out of context from how the authors were using it because I just love the wording so much : )


2. Use Less: Hypometabolism, the Relaxation Response, and “Mental Posture”

A hallmark feature of the relaxation response is a significant decrease in the body’s oxygen consumption, or hypometabolism. … The body responds to techniques that elicit the relaxation response by downshifting your metabolism. By allowing your internal perpetual energy machine to ease off working so hard, much less fuel is needed to sustain the body in the hypo metabolic state characteristic of the relaxation response.”*

- Herbert Benson, MD, Timeless Healing


And when we practice mental posture for about 10 minutes, here’s one of the outcomes: we elicit the relaxation response. Our bodies use less energy, we feel at ease, and we set ourselves up for restoration and recovery.

As I mentioned a couple weeks ago, I’ve been combining this with my slow breathing practice. I inhale, and during the exhale come back to an internal mantra (mental posture 101). It’s simple and genuinely powerful.

Give it a shot and see how it feels to shift into a hypometabolic state 🧘‍♂️


3. Success is Recovery: “Accomplish More than You Ever Thought Possible”

Athletes put their bodies under stress at each training session and competition, but they are only as successful as the speed at which they recover physiologically. Your daily stresses may be different from those of an athlete, but the concept is the same. Your success is determined by the speed of your recovery. By tapping into your natural resilience through breathing and other calming exercises that activate the rest and digest part of your nervous system, you can learn to reduce stress and accomplish more than you ever thought possible.”* (my emphasis)

- Emma Seppälä, Ph.D., The Happiness Track

When you apply Thoughts #1 & 2 consistently, especially combined with slow breathing, you learn to “reduce stress and accomplish more than you ever thought possible.” Sounds good to me 😊

4. Breath is Life, Spirit, and a Divine Gift Bestowed Upon Us

If you look up the word “spirit” in the dictionary, you will find that it comes from the Latin, spirare, meaning “to breathe.” The inbreath is inspiration; the outbreath expiration. From these come all the associations of spirit with the breath of life, vital energy, consciousness, the soul, often framed as divine gifts bestowed upon us, and therefore as aspect of the holy, the numinous, the ineffable. In the deepest sense, the breath itself is the ultimate gift of spirit.

- Jon Kabat-Zinn, Ph.D., Wherever You Go There You Are


Just another (quite eloquent) reminder that breath is life & spirit.

Let’s use this divine gift that’s been bestowed upon us wisely. 🙏



Extra Thought: Breath is Mind: How to Be Calm, Alert, and Make Better Decisions

I wrote another guest blog for ResBiotic (which is a probiotic that targets the gut-lung axis).

It’s titled: Breath is Mind: How to Be Calm, Alert, and Make Better Decisions

It’s all about the science of the breath-mind connection. I hope you enjoy the quick 5-min read.

 

 
 

1 QUOTE

“When you feel your life out of focus, always return to basic of life. Breathing. No breathe, no life.”

- Mr. Miyagi (YouTube Clip)

 
 

 
 

1 ANSWER

Category: Mental Posture and Breathing

Answer: Breathing impacts this region of the brainstem, which is tied closely to our attention.

(Cue the Jeopardy! music.)

Question: What is the locus coeruleus?


In good breath,

Nick Heath, T1D, PhD
“Breathing is the compound interest of health & wellness.”

P.S. 4 new pages appear

 
 
 

* An asterisk by a quote indicates that I listened to this book on Audible. Therefore, the quotation might not be correct, but is my best attempt at reproducing the punctuation based on the narrator’s pace, tone, and pauses.


Sign Up For The Breathing 411

Each Monday, I curate and synthesize information from scientific journals, books, articles, and podcasts to share 4 thoughts, 1 quote, and 1 answer (like "Jeopardy!") related to breathing. It’s a fun way to learn something new each week.

 
 

The Breathing 411 - What do 5,649 and 28,800 Have in Common?

 

Hello and Happy Monday. Welcome to another edition of The Breathing 4.1.1.

Below you’ll find 4 thoughts, 1 quote, and 1 answer (think "Jeopardy"). Enjoy!

 
 

 
 

4 THOUGHTS

1. What do 5,649 and 28,800 Have in Common?

"The average daily step count required to induce feelings of anxiety and depression and decrease satisfaction with life is 5,649. The typical American takes 4,774 steps per day. Across the globe, the average is 4,961." - Kelly McGonigal, The Joy of Movement

Active people become anxious and lose life satisfaction when their step count drops to 5,649 or less. That’s a bit staggering, given the U.S. and global step count statistics Kelly cites.

That passage got me thinking, "I wonder if there is a similar idea for breaths per day?" However, with breathing, it would be opposite: The more breaths you take, the more unhealthy you are. Sure enough, there is something close:

"Recent evidence suggests that an adult with a respiratory rate of over 20 breaths/minute is probably unwell, and an adult with a respiratory rate of over 24 breaths/minute is likely to be critically ill.” - Respiratory Rate: The Neglected Vital Sign

If your spontaneous breathing rate is over 20 breaths per minute, you are "probably unwell." That comes out to about 28,800 breaths per day.

So, do you want to feel unwell and anxious?
Take less than 5,649 steps and breathe more than 28,800 breaths per day.

Want to be happy and healthy?
Walk more, breathe less.

P.S. That 28,800 number might even be too high. James Nestor shares some great ancient wisdom on this:

"Chinese doctors two thousand years ago advised 13,500 breaths per day, which works out to nine and a half breaths per minute. "
- Breath

2. The Most Fundamental of the Fundamentals

Last week, Kobe Bryant provided an excellent example of the importance of practicing the fundamentals. We talked about how we don’t need to worry about the "latest and greatest" breathing technique. Instead, we need to focus on the fundamentals. They’re simple, but they’re not easy.

We can take that thought step farther: Breathing itself is the most fundamental of the fundamentals. We’re all in the sport of life. And that requires breathing…at least 13,500 times a day : ) So, let’s optimize that first, then work on the fundamentals of your particular sport or profession.

3. Bring Attention & Intention to Your Breathing

"Attention without intention is wasted energy." - Chris Bailey, Hyperfocus

This quote makes complete sense in terms of productivity, self-improvement, and group workouts (CrossFit, yoga, etc.). But the minute you apply it to something like sitting down to breathe, it can get misinterpreted:

"Set an intention for your breathing practice."

"Be intentional with your breathing today."

It’s just begging to be put in the "woo-woo" category and not be taken seriously.

But intentions are powerful (hence the quote from Chris Bailey). So a compromise I have made is to set scientific intentions before each slow breathing practice. "I am going to increase my heart rate variability" or "I am going to balance my autonomic nervous system."

These are just facts that I state at the beginning of my practice that work as intentions, without feeling woo-woo.

I find it to be an excellent way to give the practice more meaning. (And don’t forget to celebrate afterward!)

4. Slow Breathing for Hypertension

Slow, controlled breathing (<10 breaths per minute) has consistently been shown to be beneficial for reducing blood pressure. So much so that it is recognized by the American Heart Association for its positive effects. (They’ve given it a Class IIa, Level of Evidence B. Here’s what that means.)

This got me thinking about a paper published back in 2005 that I loved. They concluded:

"Slow breathing showed the potential to be a simple and inexpensive method to improve autonomic balance and respiratory control and reduce blood pressure in hypertensive patients." - Joseph et al. (2005)

The interesting part was that the authors provided an exciting hypothesis for how that’s occurring using autonomic function as the foundation. That hypothesis inspired me to create this little graphic to help get the point across.

Read the Full Summary for More Details.

 
 

 
 

1 QUOTE

My new favorite definition of success:

"To know that even one life has breathed easier because you have lived. This is to have succeeded."

- Ralph Waldo Emerson

 
 

 
 

1 ANSWER

Answer: The largest lung capacity of any mammal.

(Cue the Jeopardy music.)

Question: What is 5,000 liters (or 1,320 gallons)?

(For reference, the human lung has a capacity of about 6-liters.)


In good breath,
Nick

P.S. How I Feel Shopping on Amazon Now.